FALL ARMY WORM, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Insecticide resistance status
The fall armyworm is a highly polyphagous migratory lepidopteran pest species. It can colonize over 80 different plant species including many grasses, and crops such as alfalfa, soybean, sorghum, and corn. The fall armyworm of corn is capable of causing a 100% yield loss due to its unforeseen occurrence from the seedling to the cob formation stage.
Tomato Bug, Nesidiocoris tenuis(Reuter) (Heteroptera: Miridae): A friend turned to foe, Controversial biocontrol agent in tomato crops
Nesidiocoris tenuis is a tropical mirid bug used as a biocontrol agent in protected crops, including tomatoes. Although N. tenuis predates important insect pests, especially whitefly, it also causes damage by feeding on tomato plants when prey populations decline, resulting in significant economic losses for growers. The pest is now established in some all-year-round tomato crops in Europe and control measures involve the application of pesticides which are incompatible with current IPM programs.